Bankruptcy filings, particularly Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization filings, are on a significant rise. Approximately 3,000 commercial Chapter 11 bankruptcy cases were filed in the first six months of 2023, an increase of more than 60 percent over the prior year. These cases include the most prominent bankruptcy filings—often in Delaware, Southern District of Texas or Southern District of New York.

The United States District Court for the District of Minnesota recently rejected a creditor’s argument that when a Chapter 11 case is converted to one under Chapter 7 and the estate is administratively insolvent 11 U.S.C. § 726(b) requires disgorgement of amounts approved and paid to Chapter 11 administrative claimants.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, approximately 20 percent of new businesses fail during the first two years of being open, 45 percent during the first five years and 65 percent during the first 10 years. The unprecedented financial challenges of COVID-19 have increased the number of business failures and economists project that the number of failures will accelerate in the quarters ahead.

Due to COVID-19 and its impact on the economy and markets, businesses are experiencing unprecedented disruption. This disruption ripples through supply-chains and affects businesses large and small. These financial challenges impair the ability of many businesses to meet their obligations, in particular to suppliers or trade vendors. Many of these businesses will be forced to restructure obligations to suppliers, with some having to seek bankruptcy protection.

Although they disagree about the severity, economists and market watchers generally agree that the U.S. economy is headed for a slow-down. According to data from the Federal Reserve Bank in St. Louis, industrial production and retail sales are at all-time highs, exceeding levels seen before the 2008 recession. Unemployment rates are at the lowest levels since November 2000. So why the gloomy predictions for 2019 and beyond? Historically, retail sales, industrial production and employment are at their peaks right before a recession.

Prognostications of an impending recession are appearing in regular dispatches ranging from daily news media to quarterly economic reports. Like the Great Recession, the if and when of any recession will only be answered after it has occurred. Moreover, these conclusions are simply an aggregation of the particular experience of a wide-range of industries, and diverse and distinct companies within those industries. What is true today for each of those individual companies is that their particular economic ecosystem is changing rapidly, and often with increasing financial challenges.

In certain states, including Minnesota, a resident may file a bankruptcy case and elect to protect certain assets under the Bankruptcy Code. The Bankruptcy Code provides that these exemption amounts are automatically adjusted for inflation every three years. In short, the adjustments are based on changes to the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Department of Labor, rounded to the nearest $25.

Minnesota law provides that certain types of assets are exempt from creditor collection. These exemptions impact individual clients in a wide-range of matters ranging from estate planning to judgment executions to bankruptcy filings. The Minnesota legislature recently enacted a new exemption protecting up to $25,000 held in a health savings account. In addition, the Minnesota Commerce Department recently announced that certain exemptions have been increased, including the homestead to $429,000 and the farmstead to $1,072,500.

The new receivership and assignment for benefit of creditors statutes took effect in 2012. See Minn. Stat. §§ 576 and 577. The statutes codified existing common law and best practices, and provided a comprehensive reference point for practitioners and judges. See e.g. Minn. Stat. § 576.22(d). It was anticipated that the receivership and ABC law would become more accessible and usable. While concrete statistics are not available, receiverships and ABCs appear to be used with greater frequency.